![]() ![]() There are a considerable number of handbook and encyclopedia articles devoted to semantic roles, and they also receive treatments in many introductory semantics textbooks, especially those aimed at undergraduates. Acknowledgments: For discussion of the material in this article, the author is grateful to Scott Grimm, Chris Manning, Malka Rappaport Hovav, and two reviewers, as well as the students in her autumn 2012 lexical semantics class. Since semantic roles have been implicated in phenomena involving argument structure, the separate Oxford Bibliographies article Argument Structure should be consulted for additional relevant resources. ![]() Furthermore, semantic roles are useful in natural language processing. Despite these drawbacks, semantic roles continue to be useful in stating linguistic generalizations, and so descriptive, if not theoretical, uses of semantic role labels persist across subfields, including language acquisition, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics. Although these difficulties have led some researchers to reject semantic roles, others have taken alternative approaches, including the use of generalized semantic roles, which are inspired by the notion of prototype, with no single property being necessary or sufficient for an argument to bear such a role. Moreover, reliable diagnostics are difficult to identify even for the roles cited most often. Further, some generalizations involving semantic roles seem to require reference to coarse-grained roles, whereas others require reference to fine-grained roles. Yet this desideratum must be met if semantic roles are to figure effectively in accounts of linguistic phenomena. It has proved impossible to find a small set of roles that can be applied across all verbs in a language, let alone across languages. However, semantic roles have not lived up to their initial promise. In particular, argument realization generalizations are often stated over a thematic hierarchy, a ranking of semantic roles. Thus they provide a level of abstraction for the statement of generalizations concerning a variety of linguistic phenomena. They have proved attractive because they provide a way of representing commonalities across different uses of the same predicate or across uses of distinct but semantically related predicates that may be obscured because arguments with certain semantic roles may have various syntactic realizations. Semantic roles-also known as thematic relations, theta roles, participant roles, and deep cases-are labels for certain recurring predicate-argument relations. In McCann's words, the notion of a universal blockchain solution simply "does not exist.The meaning of a predicate, especially a verb, may be characterized via the relations that its arguments bear to it. Each business, according to him, should evaluate and determine which blockchain platform aligns best with their needs, as there is no one-size-fits-all solution in the world of blockchain. McCann refrains from comparing the pros and cons of various blockchain platforms, insisting that each has unique use cases. He shares how the Foundation invests considerable time in direct education with enterprises. McCann recognizes its vital role in integrating enterprises into Cardano and the broader Web3 environment. ![]() The question of education is not far off from the discussion either. To him, it is not about remodeling business models instead, he envisions a future where businesses can significantly improve their models by tapping into the possibilities of Web3. On the contrary, McCann is more fascinated by pinpointing the areas where enterprises can enhance their operations through blockchain. He clarifies that these potential benefits do not necessarily require businesses to revamp their entire business models. Proof of origin and provenance are just two examples McCann cites to showcase the many ways businesses can leverage blockchain. This is not limited to the tracking of just about anything. He draws attention to the multitude of benefits blockchain technology can offer. The use case of a specific project inherently informs the choice of blockchain. For him, the idea of a supreme blockchain is a fallacy. Mel McCann, a leading executive from the Cardano Foundation and holding the prominent role of vice president of engineering, does not hesitate to give his bold thoughts on one of the most heated debates in the blockchain community - the question of the "best" blockchain.Īt the Dubai World Token Summit, McCann underscored the futility of these continuous debates, emphasizing the diverse use cases of different blockchain platforms. ![]()
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